Conductivity

In the laboratory, benchtop conductivity meters also report total dissolved solids (TDS), resistivity and salinity, and some models meet industrial and pharmacopeia standards. In the field, multiparameter probes measure conductivity together with the other parameters, and titanium probes serve oceanography and limnology.

For fixed installations, there are conductivity and temperature sensors and transmitters with 4-20mA or SDI-12 outputs, ready for loggers and control systems, plus a channel flow meter that also measures conductivity.